Друг друга: What Happened to the Friend?
Learn and practice how to say “each other” in Russian, how the phrase changes by case, and how to use it naturally in real sentences.
Alright, I hope you got my joke. The phrase друг друга may look connected to друг, meaning "friend," but it's a fixed expression — a reciprocal pronoun — meaning "each other":
- Мы лю́бим друг дру́га. — We love each other.
- Они́ помога́ют друг дру́гу. — They help each other.
Like many Russian words, this little phrase changes according to case. But the good news is: only the second part changes. It has no nominative form, because друг дру́га is never used as the subject of a sentence. Let's look at the forms and examples in a table:
| Case | Form | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Genitive | друг дру́га | Они́ боя́тся друг дру́га. — They're afraid of each other. |
| Dative | друг дру́гу | Мы помога́ем друг дру́гу. — We help each other. |
| Accusative | друг дру́га | Они́ лю́бят друг дру́га. — They love each other. |
| Instrumental | друг дру́гом | Они́ интересу́ются друг дру́гом. — They're interested in each other. |
| Prepositional | друг о дру́ге | Они́ ду́мают друг о дру́ге. — They think about each other. |
As you can see, the second word, друг, has very predictable and regular declension forms. In the prepositional case, you can also see how prepositions work inside this phrase. Here's a table with other prepositions you may use:
| Russian | English | Example |
|---|---|---|
| друг у дру́га | at each other's place / from each other | Мы бы́ли друг у дру́га в гостя́х. — We visited each other. |
| друг к дру́гу | to / towards each other | Они́ подошли́ друг к дру́гу. — They came up to each other. |
| друг с дру́гом | with each other | Мы разгова́ривали друг с дру́гом. — We talked with each other. |
| друг для дру́га | for each other | Они́ мно́го зна́чат друг для дру́га. — They mean a lot to each other. |
| друг на дру́га | at each other | Они́ смотре́ли друг на дру́га. — They looked at each other. |
| друг за дру́гом | one after another / behind each other | Студе́нты вошли́ друг за дру́гом. — The students entered one after another. |
| друг про́тив дру́га | against each other | Кома́нды игра́ли друг про́тив дру́га. — The teams played against each other. |
How do you know which form to choose? Look at the verb or the preposition. The phrase друг дру́га follows the same logic as other Russian words: the verb or preposition asks for a certain case. If Russian cases still feel a little mysterious, I explain the whole system step by step in my guide: Russian Cases: The Logic Behind the System.
So yes, друг дру́га looks a little funny at first. But the logic is friendly: the first друг stays the same, and the second part simply follows the case. Now go to the Exercises tab at the top of the page and practise it a little — your future Russian-speaking self will thank you :)
Choose the correct form of друг друга with a preposition.
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Choose the correct form: друг друга, друг другу, or друг другом.
Мы давно не виделись и сначала (at first) не узнали .
На уроке студенты помогали с новыми словами.
После первой встречи они заинтересовались .
Друзья каждый день пишут короткие сообщения.
Дети боялись в первый день, а потом стали друзьями.
Мы всегда ждём после урока.
Мы часто звоним вечером.
Они слушали очень внимательно.
Они хорошо понимают без слов.
Эти люди довольны : работать вместе им легко.