Друг друга: What Happened to the Friend?

Learn and practice how to say “each other” in Russian, how the phrase changes by case, and how to use it naturally in real sentences.

3 min read

Alright, I hope you got my joke. The phrase друг друга may look connected to друг, meaning "friend," but it's a fixed expression — a reciprocal pronoun — meaning "each other":

  • Мы лю́бим друг дру́га. — We love each other.
  • Они́ помога́ют друг дру́гу. — They help each other.

Like many Russian words, this little phrase changes according to case. But the good news is: only the second part changes. It has no nominative form, because друг дру́га is never used as the subject of a sentence. Let's look at the forms and examples in a table:

CaseFormExample
Genitiveдруг дру́гаОни́ боя́тся друг дру́га. — They're afraid of each other.
Dativeдруг дру́гуМы помога́ем друг дру́гу. — We help each other.
Accusativeдруг дру́гаОни́ лю́бят друг дру́га. — They love each other.
Instrumentalдруг дру́гомОни́ интересу́ются друг дру́гом. — They're interested in each other.
Prepositionalдруг о дру́геОни́ ду́мают друг о дру́ге. — They think about each other.

As you can see, the second word, друг, has very predictable and regular declension forms. In the prepositional case, you can also see how prepositions work inside this phrase. Here's a table with other prepositions you may use:

RussianEnglishExample
друг у дру́гаat each other's place / from each otherМы бы́ли друг у дру́га в гостя́х. — We visited each other.
друг к дру́гуto / towards each otherОни́ подошли́ друг к дру́гу. — They came up to each other.
друг с дру́гомwith each otherМы разгова́ривали друг с дру́гом. — We talked with each other.
друг для дру́гаfor each otherОни́ мно́го зна́чат друг для дру́га. — They mean a lot to each other.
друг на дру́гаat each otherОни́ смотре́ли друг на дру́га. — They looked at each other.
друг за дру́гомone after another / behind each otherСтуде́нты вошли́ друг за дру́гом. — The students entered one after another.
друг про́тив дру́гаagainst each otherКома́нды игра́ли друг про́тив дру́га. — The teams played against each other.

How do you know which form to choose? Look at the verb or the preposition. The phrase друг дру́га follows the same logic as other Russian words: the verb or preposition asks for a certain case. If Russian cases still feel a little mysterious, I explain the whole system step by step in my guide: Russian Cases: The Logic Behind the System.

So yes, друг дру́га looks a little funny at first. But the logic is friendly: the first друг stays the same, and the second part simply follows the case. Now go to the Exercises tab at the top of the page and practise it a little — your future Russian-speaking self will thank you :)

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